Dougan Group | Microbial Pathogenesis

Dougan Group | Microbial Pathogenesis

Dougan Group

dougan-group.jpgSanger Institute, Genome Research Limited

Our Research and Approach

Background

Infectious diseases still pose a threat at a global and local level, particularly as disease agents can evolve so quickly. For example, bacteria such as Salmonella and Shigella cause intestinal infections that can have devastating consequences particularly in developing countries, but bacterial strains such as these can be resistant to almost all antibiotics.

New approaches are needed to treat bacterial infections, one of which is focusing on understanding the methods by which the body's natural systems fight off the tens of thousands of potentially pathogenic bacteria to which it is exposed in ordinary everyday life.

A complementary challenge is investigating how disease agents change to prevent human intervention. Understanding the molecular basis of infection could assist in attempts to develop vaccines and other therapies to protect against infections.

This information will be exploited towards developing methods of controlling infection, including vaccines and antibiotics, in the continuing fight against disease that is crucial for populations worldwide.

The team is also investigating the relationships between different members of the family of bacteria that cause typhoid, Salmonella Typhi, in order to explain their evolution, antibiotic resistance and transmission within the human population.

Finally the team is involved in a number of major high profile collaborations worldwide investigating methods for developing vaccines against typhoid, dysentery, malaria, and tuberculosis, all critically important diseases particularly in developing countries.

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People

Professor Gordon Dougan
Group Leader

Professor Gordon Dougan's research focuses on the genetic analysis of host/pathogen interactions during infection, particularly those involving enteric bacteria. He has worked extensively in both academia and industry, making important contributions in the field of vaccinology where he has worked to improve vaccine delivery to poorly resourced regions.

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Alumni

Key Projects, Collaborations, Tools & Data

Faculty Programme Overview: We are focusing our research around the biology of intestinal bacterial infections, with a strong emphasis on invasive Salmonella disease. We work closely with other Faculty Groups in this and other Programmes of the Sanger Institute and have generated information on the genome sequences of a number of different Salmonella species or serovars including Bongori, Typhi, Typhimurium, Enteritidis, Gallinarum, Hadar, Infantis, Senftenberg and Paratyphi A that cause potentially lethal diseases such as typhoid and salmonella food poisoning. With Dr Trevor Lawley's Faculty Group, we have also determined the phylogenetic structure of C. difficile. We are using the information to investigate, at the genetic level, what makes different species of bacteria more potent (or virulent), in terms of their ability to cause disease, than others. To complement this research we are creating 'libraries' of pathogen strains that have single genes disabled in order to investigate their (the genes') functions and effects on virulence.We are also undertaking an analysis of microbial population structure in collaboration with Dr Mark Achtman at the Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, and Dr Stephen Baker at the Wellcome Unit in Ho Chi Minh City. We are concentrating efforts on Salmonella Typhi, which causes typhoid, and C. difficile, a common cause of infection in hospitals but have projects on other pathogens including Vibrio cholerae. We use DNA sequencing and gene-functionality based approaches, and exploit this information for biological experimentation. Another key study involves the analysis of the genome of S. typhimurium, responsible for invasive bacterial disease throughout Africa. This is run in collaboration with Dr Sam Kariuki in Nairobi and the Wellcome Unit in Blantyre, Malawi.Mouse genetic infection susceptibility project (Deputy Head, Dr Simon Clare): We run a mouse genetics project in which mice with an artificially disabled gene are challenged with certain pathogens. The aim is to identify mammalian genes that contribute to controlling susceptibility to infection. The main infectious agents used in this screen are currently S. typhimurium and Citrobacter rodentium, although other pathogens can be exploited to investigate genetic effects in detail.

Research Programmes and Faciltites

We are a part of:

Parasites and Microbes

We are using genomics to get at important problems in infectious disease, with a strong desire to translate this into tools for disease control and elimination, but we are also at the forefront of basic research into microbial ecology, evolutionary genetics and the biology of parasitism.

Show Previous Research Programmes and Facilities
Archive Page: Infection Genomics

The Infection Genomics Programme investigates the common underpinning mechanisms of evolution, infection and resistance to therapy in viruses, bacteria and parasites. The Programme also focuses on the genetics of host response to infection and the role of the microbiota in health and disease.

Partners and Funders

Internal Partners
Aanensen Group

Our group consistis of a mix of genomic epidemiologists, computational biologists and web software engineers within The Centre for Genomic Pathogen Surveillance (CGPS) a collaboration with imperial College London.

Within CGPS, broad aims are to provide data and tools for local, national and international utility focused on antimicrobial resistance and genomic surveillance. We are addressing the utility of large-scale structured pathogen surveys to provide contextual WGS datasets and population structure. Key aims are to enable the identification of high risk clones of public health importance, their risk assessment (eg resistance, virulence and transmissibility) and ultimately management.

Hancock Group

We are collaborating with Gordon Dougan's team on high-throughout phenotyping of host and bacterial cells, as well as the development of new therapeutic strategies based on an understanding of antibiotic resistance.

Lawley Lab

The host-microbiota Interactions laboratory studies the mechanisms that underlie how micro-organisms in the gut, nasopharynx and uro-gential tract interact with their host during periods of health and disease. In particular the team seek to develop novel ways to treat diseases that are associated with unwanted imbalances in the micro-organism population.

Liu Group

We use various approaches including genetics, genomics and cell biology to study gene functions in normal development and disease such as cancer. We are particularly interested in stem cell self-renewal, differentiation, and lineage choice.

Parkhill Group

The Pathogen genomics team, headed by Julian Parkhill, uses high-throughput genomic and phenotypic analysis of bacteria to understand their virulence, evolution, transmission and host-interactions.

Pathogen Informatics

The Pathogen Informatics team develop and maintain software applications and systems to support the research activities of the pathogen group. We develop and maintain scalable and robust automated tools for sequence and annotation tracking and analysis and provide ad-hoc informatics support and training to the researchers in the pathogen group.

Wright Group

The Cell Surface Signalling Laboratory investigates the molecular basis of cellular recognition processes to identify new therapeutic targets for both genetic and infectious diseases.

Publications

  • Requirement of bic/microRNA-155 for normal immune function.

    Rodriguez A, Vigorito E, Clare S, Warren MV, Couttet P et al.

    Science (New York, N.Y.) 2007;316;5824;608-11

    PUBMED: 17463290; PMC: 2610435; DOI: 10.1126/science.1139253

  • A new stage, a new life: individual success in quitting smoking.

    Willms DG

    Social science & medicine (1982) 1991;33;12;1365-71

    PUBMED: 1776050

  • A linear plasmid truncation induces unidirectional flagellar phase change in H:z66 positive Salmonella Typhi.

    Baker S, Holt K, Whitehead S, Goodhead I, Perkins T et al.

    Molecular microbiology 2007;66;5;1207-18

    PUBMED: 17976161; PMC: 2652032; DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.05995.x

  • The neglected role of antibody in protection against bacteremia caused by nontyphoidal strains of Salmonella in African children.

    MacLennan CA, Gondwe EN, Msefula CL, Kingsley RA, Thomson NR et al.

    The Journal of clinical investigation 2008;118;4;1553-62

    PUBMED: 18357343; PMC: 2268878; DOI: 10.1172/JCI33998

  • Intracontinental spread of human invasive Salmonella Typhimurium pathovariants in sub-Saharan Africa.

    Okoro CK, Kingsley RA, Connor TR, Harris SR, Parry CM et al.

    Nature genetics 2012;44;11;1215-21

    PUBMED: 23023330; PMC: 3491877; DOI: 10.1038/ng.2423

  • IFITM3 restricts the morbidity and mortality associated with influenza.

    Everitt AR, Clare S, Pertel T, John SP, Wash RS et al.

    Nature 2012;484;7395;519-23

    PUBMED: 22446628; PMC: 3648786; DOI: 10.1038/nature10921

  • Targeted restoration of the intestinal microbiota with a simple, defined bacteriotherapy resolves relapsing Clostridium difficile disease in mice.

    Lawley TD, Clare S, Walker AW, Stares MD, Connor TR et al.

    PLoS pathogens 2012;8;10;e1002995

    PUBMED: 23133377; PMC: 3486913; DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002995

  • Evidence for several waves of global transmission in the seventh cholera pandemic.

    Mutreja A, Kim DW, Thomson NR, Connor TR, Lee JH et al.

    Nature 2011;477;7365;462-5

    PUBMED: 21866102; PMC: 3736323; DOI: 10.1038/nature10392

  • Localization of ATPase activity in dendritic spines of the cerebral cortex.

    Cohen RS and Kriho V

    Journal of neurocytology 1991;20;9;703-15

    PUBMED: 1835734

  • Emergence of scarlet fever Streptococcus pyogenes emm12 clones in Hong Kong is associated with toxin acquisition and multidrug resistance.

    Davies MR, Holden MT, Coupland P, Chen JH, Venturini C et al.

    Nature genetics 2015;47;1;84-7

    PUBMED: 25401300; DOI: 10.1038/ng.3147

  • Identification of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) clades with long-term global distribution.

    von Mentzer A, Connor TR, Wieler LH, Semmler T, Iguchi A et al.

    Nature genetics 2014;46;12;1321-6

    PUBMED: 25383970; DOI: 10.1038/ng.3145

  • CD28 expression is required after T cell priming for helper T cell responses and protective immunity to infection.

    Linterman MA, Denton AE, Divekar DP, Zvetkova I, Kane L et al.

    eLife 2014;3

    PUBMED: 25347065; PMC: 4241536; DOI: 10.7554/eLife.03180

  • Drug resistance in Salmonella enterica ser. Typhimurium bloodstream infection, Malawi.

    Feasey NA, Cain AK, Msefula CL, Pickard D, Alaerts M et al.

    Emerging infectious diseases 2014;20;11;1957-9

    PUBMED: 25340988; PMC: 4214322; DOI: 10.3201/eid2011.141175

  • Emergence of a new epidemic Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A Clone in the African meningitis belt: high-resolution picture of genomic changes that mediate immune evasion.

    Lamelas A, Harris SR, Röltgen K, Dangy JP, Hauser J et al.

    mBio 2014;5;5;e01974-14

    PUBMED: 25336458; PMC: 4212839; DOI: 10.1128/mBio.01974-14

  • Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and the pathogenesis of typhoid fever.

    Dougan G and Baker S

    Annual review of microbiology 2014;68;317-36

    PUBMED: 25208300; DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-091313-103739

  • Transient Darwinian selection in Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A during 450 years of global spread of enteric fever.

    Zhou Z, McCann A, Weill FX, Blin C, Nair S et al.

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2014;111;33;12199-204

    PUBMED: 25092320; PMC: 4143038; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1411012111

  • Corrigendum: Streptococcus agalactiae clones infecting humans were selected and fixed through the extensive use of tetracycline.

    Da Cunha V, Davies MR, Douarre PE, Rosinski-Chupin I, Margarit I et al.

    Nature communications 2015;6;6108

    PUBMED: 25629801; PMC: 4317489; DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7108

  • Typhoid fever in Fiji: a reversible plague?

    Thompson CN, Kama M, Acharya S, Bera U, Clemens J et al.

    Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH 2014;19;10;1284-92

    PUBMED: 25066005; PMC: 4285329; DOI: 10.1111/tmi.12367

  • The population structure of Vibrio cholerae from the Chandigarh Region of Northern India.

    Abd El Ghany M, Chander J, Mutreja A, Rashid M, Hill-Cawthorne GA et al.

    PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2014;8;7;e2981

    PUBMED: 25058483; PMC: 4109905; DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002981

  • The classical lancefield antigen of group a Streptococcus is a virulence determinant with implications for vaccine design.

    van Sorge NM, Cole JN, Kuipers K, Henningham A, Aziz RK et al.

    Cell host & microbe 2014;15;6;729-740

    PUBMED: 24922575; PMC: 4078075; DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2014.05.009

  • Global dissemination of a multidrug resistant Escherichia coli clone.

    Petty NK, Ben Zakour NL, Stanton-Cook M, Skippington E, Totsika M et al.

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2014;111;15;5694-9

    PUBMED: 24706808; PMC: 3992628; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1322678111

  • Antibacterial resistance in sub-Saharan Africa: an underestimated emergency.

    Kariuki S and Dougan G

    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 2014;1323;43-55

    PUBMED: 24628272; PMC: 4159419; DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12380

  • A systematic review of antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, the etiological agent of typhoid.

    Britto CD, Wong VK, Dougan G and Pollard AJ

    PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2018;12;10;e0006779

    PUBMED: 30307935; DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006779

  • Identification of novel adenovirus genotype 90 in children from Bangladesh.

    Houldcroft CJ, Beale MA, Sayeed MA, Qadri F, Dougan G and Mutreja A

    Microbial genomics 2018

    PUBMED: 30248001; DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000221

  • New Variant of Multidrug-Resistant <i>Salmonella enterica</i> Serovar Typhimurium Associated with Invasive Disease in Immunocompromised Patients in Vietnam.

    Mather AE, Phuong TLT, Gao Y, Clare S, Mukhopadhyay S et al.

    mBio 2018;9;5

    PUBMED: 30181247; DOI: 10.1128/mBio.01056-18

  • An investigation into the Omp85 protein BamK in hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae, and its role in outer membrane biogenesis.

    Vergel L Torres V, Heinz E, Stubenrauch CJ, Wilksch JJ, Cao H et al.

    Molecular microbiology 2018;109;5;584-599

    PUBMED: 29873128; DOI: 10.1111/mmi.13990

  • FusC, a member of the M16 protease family acquired by bacteria for iron piracy against plants.

    Grinter R, Hay ID, Song J, Wang J, Teng D et al.

    PLoS biology 2018;16;8;e2006026

    PUBMED: 30071011; DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2006026

  • Point prevalence survey of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) in adult inpatients in a University teaching hospital in the United Kingdom.

    Wilson HJ, Khokhar F, Enoch DA, Brown NM, Ahluwalia J et al.

    The Journal of hospital infection 2018

    PUBMED: 29969691; DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2018.06.024

  • Clonal analysis of Salmonella-specific effector T cells reveals serovar-specific and cross-reactive T cell responses.

    Napolitani G, Kurupati P, Teng KWW, Gibani MM, Rei M et al.

    Nature immunology 2018

    PUBMED: 29925993; DOI: 10.1038/s41590-018-0133-z

  • Laboratory and molecular surveillance of paediatric typhoidal Salmonella in Nepal: Antimicrobial resistance and implications for vaccine policy.

    Britto CD, Dyson ZA, Duchene S, Carter MJ, Gurung M et al.

    PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2018;12;4;e0006408

    PUBMED: 29684021; DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006408

  • PlasmidTron: assembling the cause of phenotypes and genotypes from NGS data.

    Page AJ, Wailan A, Shao Y, Judge K, Dougan G et al.

    Microbial genomics 2018

    PUBMED: 29533742; PMC: 5885016; DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000164

  • Outer membrane vesicles from Neisseria gonorrhoeae target PorB to mitochondria and induce apoptosis.

    Deo P, Chow SH, Hay ID, Kleifeld O, Costin A et al.

    PLoS pathogens 2018;14;3;e1006945

    PUBMED: 29601598; PMC: 5877877; DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006945

  • Shared genetic effects on chromatin and gene expression indicate a role for enhancer priming in immune response.

    Alasoo K, Rodrigues J, Mukhopadhyay S, Knights AJ, Mann AL et al.

    Nature genetics 2018;50;3;424-431

    PUBMED: 29379200; DOI: 10.1038/s41588-018-0046-7

  • Emergence of an Extensively Drug-Resistant <i>Salmonella enterica</i> Serovar Typhi Clone Harboring a Promiscuous Plasmid Encoding Resistance to Fluoroquinolones and Third-Generation Cephalosporins.

    Klemm EJ, Shakoor S, Page AJ, Qamar FN, Judge K et al.

    mBio 2018;9;1

    PUBMED: 29463654; PMC: 5821095; DOI: 10.1128/mBio.00105-18

  • Comparison of Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi and Typhimurium reveals typhoidal-specific responses to bile.

    Johnson R, Ravenhall M, Pickard D, Dougan G, Byrne A and Frankel G

    Infection and immunity 2017

    PUBMED: 29229736; DOI: 10.1128/IAI.00490-17

  • DNA methylation defines regional identity of human intestinal epithelial organoids and undergoes dynamic changes during development.

    Kraiczy J, Nayak KM, Howell KJ, Ross A, Forbester J et al.

    Gut 2017

    PUBMED: 29141958; DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2017-314817

  • Genomic history of the seventh pandemic of cholera in Africa.

    Weill FX, Domman D, Njamkepo E, Tarr C, Rauzier J et al.

    Science (New York, N.Y.) 2017;358;6364;785-789

    PUBMED: 29123067; DOI: 10.1126/science.aad5901

  • Integrated view of <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> in the Americas.

    Domman D, Quilici ML, Dorman MJ, Njamkepo E, Mutreja A et al.

    Science (New York, N.Y.) 2017;358;6364;789-793

    PUBMED: 29123068; DOI: 10.1126/science.aao2136

  • Constraints on lateral gene transfer in promoting fimbrial usher protein diversity and function.

    Stubenrauch CJ, Dougan G, Lithgow T and Heinz E

    Open biology 2017;7;11

    PUBMED: 29142104; DOI: 10.1098/rsob.170144

  • Phylogenetic Analysis of Klebsiella pneumoniae from Hospitalized Children, Pakistan.

    Ejaz H, Wang N, Wilksch JJ, Page AJ, Cao H et al.

    Emerging infectious diseases 2017;23;11;1872-1875

    PUBMED: 29048298; PMC: 5652443; DOI: 10.3201/eid2311.170833

  • Complete Genome Sequence of Serotype III Streptococcus agalactiae Sequence Type 17 Strain 874391.

    Sullivan MJ, Forde BM, Prince DW, Ipe DS, Ben Zakour NL et al.

    Genome announcements 2017;5;42

    PUBMED: 29051249; PMC: 5646402; DOI: 10.1128/genomeA.01107-17

  • Citrobacter rodentium Subverts ATP Flux and Cholesterol Homeostasis in Intestinal Epithelial Cells In Vivo.

    Berger CN, Crepin VF, Roumeliotis TI, Wright JC, Carson D et al.

    Cell metabolism 2017

    PUBMED: 28988824; DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2017.09.003

  • Identification and characterization of the novel colonization factor CS30 based on whole genome sequencing in enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC).

    Mentzer AV, Tobias J, Wiklund G, Nordqvist S, Aslett M et al.

    Scientific reports 2017;7;1;12514

    PUBMED: 28970563; DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12743-3

  • Preterm Infant-Associated Clostridium tertium, Clostridium cadaveris, and Clostridium paraputrificum Strains: Genomic and Evolutionary Insights.

    Kiu R, Caim S, Alcon-Giner C, Belteki G, Clarke P et al.

    Genome biology and evolution 2017;9;10;2707-2714

    PUBMED: 29044436; DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evx210

  • Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi Producing CTX-M-15 Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

    Phoba MF, Barbé B, Lunguya O, Masendu L, Lulengwa D et al.

    Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2017;65;7;1229-1231

    PUBMED: 29136410; PMC: 5849100; DOI: 10.1093/cid/cix342

  • NBEAL2 is required for neutrophil and NK cell function and pathogen defense.

    Sowerby JM, Thomas DC, Clare S, Espéli M, Guerrero JA et al.

    The Journal of clinical investigation 2017;127;9;3521-3526

    PUBMED: 28783043; DOI: 10.1172/JCI91684

  • Role of <i>sapA</i> and <i>yfgA</i> in Susceptibility to Antibody-Mediated Complement-Dependent Killing and Virulence of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium.

    Ondari EM, Heath JN, Klemm EJ, Langridge G, Barquist L et al.

    Infection and immunity 2017;85;9

    PUBMED: 28674031; PMC: 5563563; DOI: 10.1128/IAI.00419-17

  • The Typhoid Vaccine Acceleration Consortium (TyVAC): Vaccine effectiveness study designs: Accelerating the introduction of typhoid conjugate vaccines and reducing the global burden of enteric fever. Report from a meeting held on 26-27 October 2016, Oxford, UK.

    Meiring JE, Gibani M and TyVAC Consortium Meeting Group

    Vaccine 2017

    PUBMED: 28802757; DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.08.001

  • Hyperactivation of HUSH complex function by Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease mutation in MORC2.

    Tchasovnikarova IA, Timms RT, Douse CH, Roberts RC, Dougan G et al.

    Nature genetics 2017

    PUBMED: 28581500; DOI: 10.1038/ng.3878

  • Exploiting induced pluripotent stem cell-derived macrophages to unravel host factors influencing Chlamydia trachomatis pathogenesis.

    Yeung ATY, Hale C, Lee AH, Gill EE, Bushell W et al.

    Nature communications 2017;8;15013

    PUBMED: 28440293; PMC: 5414054; DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15013

  • Eros is a novel transmembrane protein that controls the phagocyte respiratory burst and is essential for innate immunity.

    Thomas DC, Clare S, Sowerby JM, Pardo M, Juss JK et al.

    The Journal of experimental medicine 2017;214;4;1111-1128

    PUBMED: 28351984; PMC: 5379978; DOI: 10.1084/jem.20161382

  • Typhoid in Africa and vaccine deployment.

    Dougan G

    The Lancet. Global health 2017;5;3;e236-e237

    PUBMED: 28193381; DOI: 10.1016/S2214-109X(17)30045-1

  • The Type III Secretion System Effector SptP of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi.

    Johnson R, Byrne A, Berger CN, Klemm E, Crepin VF et al.

    Journal of bacteriology 2017;199;4

    PUBMED: 27920299; PMC: 5287405; DOI: 10.1128/JB.00647-16

  • Induction of Cell Cycle and NK Cell Responses by Live-Attenuated Oral Vaccines against Typhoid Fever.

    Blohmke CJ, Hill J, Darton TC, Carvalho-Burger M, Eustace A et al.

    Frontiers in immunology 2017;8;1276

    PUBMED: 29075261; PMC: 5643418; DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01276

  • Combined immunodeficiency with severe inflammation and allergy caused by ARPC1B deficiency.

    Kuijpers TW, Tool AT, van der Bijl I, de Boer M, van Houdt M et al.

    The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology 2016

    PUBMED: 27965109; DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.09.061

  • Mitochondrial Protein Lipoylation and the 2-Oxoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex Controls HIF1α Stability in Aerobic Conditions.

    Burr SP, Costa AS, Grice GL, Timms RT, Lobb IT et al.

    Cell metabolism 2016;24;5;740-752

    PUBMED: 27923773; DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2016.09.015

  • New Approaches for Needed Vaccines: Bacteria

    MacLennan,C.A., Mutreja,A. and Dougan,G.

    The Vaccine Book: Second Edition 2016;311-29

    DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-802174-3.00016-3; URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B97...8-0-12-802174-3.00016-3

  • Single-cell RNA-seq identifies a PD-1<sup>hi</sup> ILC progenitor and defines its development pathway.

    Yu Y, Tsang JC, Wang C, Clare S, Wang J et al.

    Nature 2016;539;7627;102-106

    PUBMED: 27749818; DOI: 10.1038/nature20105

  • ATF7IP-Mediated Stabilization of the Histone Methyltransferase SETDB1 Is Essential for Heterochromatin Formation by the HUSH Complex.

    Timms RT, Tchasovnikarova IA, Antrobus R, Dougan G and Lehner PJ

    Cell reports 2016;17;3;653-659

    PUBMED: 27732843; DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.09.050

  • An extended genotyping framework for Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, the cause of human typhoid.

    Wong VK, Baker S, Connor TR, Pickard D, Page AJ et al.

    Nature communications 2016;7;12827

    PUBMED: 27703135; DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12827

  • Distinct Salmonella Enteritidis lineages associated with enterocolitis in high-income settings and invasive disease in low-income settings.

    Feasey NA, Hadfield J, Keddy KH, Dallman TJ, Jacobs J et al.

    Nature genetics 2016;48;10;1211-7

    PUBMED: 27548315; PMC: 5047355; DOI: 10.1038/ng.3644

  • Retrospective Analysis of Serotype Switching of Vibrio cholerae O1 in a Cholera Endemic Region Shows It Is a Non-random Process.

    Karlsson SL, Thomson N, Mutreja A, Connor T, Sur D et al.

    PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2016;10;10;e0005044

    PUBMED: 27706170; DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005044

  • C13orf31 (FAMIN) is a central regulator of immunometabolic function.

    Cader MZ, Boroviak K, Zhang Q, Assadi G, Kempster SL et al.

    Nature immunology 2016;17;9;1046-56

    PUBMED: 27478939; DOI: 10.1038/ni.3532

  • Molecular Surveillance Identifies Multiple Transmissions of Typhoid in West Africa.

    International Typhoid Consortium, Wong VK, Holt KE, Okoro C, Baker S et al.

    PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2016;10;9;e0004781

    PUBMED: 27657909; DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004781

  • Derivation of Intestinal Organoids from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for Use as an Infection System.

    Forbester JL, Hannan N, Vallier L and Dougan G

    Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) 2016

    PUBMED: 27576565; DOI: 10.1007/7651_2016_7

  • Using a Human Challenge Model of Infection to Measure Vaccine Efficacy: A Randomised, Controlled Trial Comparing the Typhoid Vaccines M01ZH09 with Placebo and Ty21a.

    Darton TC, Jones C, Blohmke CJ, Waddington CS, Zhou L et al.

    PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2016;10;8;e0004926

    PUBMED: 27533046; PMC: 4988630; DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004926

  • Binding of Plasmodium falciparum Merozoite Surface Proteins DBLMSP and DBLMSP2 to Human Immunoglobulin M Is Conserved among Broadly Diverged Sequence Variants.

    Crosnier C, Iqbal Z, Knuepfer E, Maciuca S, Perrin AJ et al.

    The Journal of biological chemistry 2016;291;27;14285-99

    PUBMED: 27226583; PMC: 4933183; DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M116.722074

  • Infection Susceptibility in Gastric Intrinsic Factor (Vitamin B12)-Defective Mice Is Subject to Maternal Influences.

    Mottram L, Speak AO, Selek RM, Cambridge EL, McIntyre Z et al.

    mBio 2016;7;3

    PUBMED: 27329747; PMC: 4916386; DOI: 10.1128/mBio.00830-16

  • Conserved Features in the Structure, Mechanism, and Biogenesis of the Inverse Autotransporter Protein Family.

    Heinz E, Stubenrauch CJ, Grinter R, Croft NP, Purcell AW et al.

    Genome biology and evolution 2016;8;6;1690-705

    PUBMED: 27190006; PMC: 4943183; DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evw112

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