Whipworms (Trichuris sp) are successful gastrointestinal dwelling nematode parasites of many species including man. The human parasite Trichuris trichiura is currently thought to infect up to 1 billion people worldwide resulting in considerable morbidity.
Trichuris muris is very closely related to the human parasite T. trichiura sharing cross reactive antigens. Moreover, it is a remarkably tractable model system for dissecting immune responses and host parasite relationships and is actively being investigated in a number of laboratories worldwide. T. muris is a naturally occurring nematode parasite of mice which resides in the caecum and colon and has a direct oral faecal life cycle. Embryonated eggs are ingested and hatch in the crypts of the large intestine. After undergoing a series of moults, they become adult parasites which mate and release eggs that are shed in the faeces and can develop externally. The adult worms have an unusual niche in that the anterior end burrows through epithelial cells forming syncitial tunnels whereas the posterior end of the worm remains free within the lumen facilitating mating and egg deposition.
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